How to write an essay
Wednesday, September 2, 2020
Romanticism Poem and the Concept of Mercy
The idea of kindness can be a hard thing for one to get a handle on. One may end up asking ââ¬Å"Whom will be given kindness? â⬠, and ââ¬Å"How much leniency ought to be appeared? â⬠. There is no positive response to those inquiries as leniency can be appeared in changed manners. There are three specific works that underscore the idea of kindness, each indicating an alternate point of view. The three works that utilization unmistakable approaches to show kindness are The Merchant of Venice, Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God, and Verses Upon the Burning of our House.All of the topics of these works are a lot of the same, as they all include the correlation of leniency to an incredible force. Notwithstanding, there are a couple of qualifications among the works. In The Merchant of Venice, by William Shakespeare, the creator utilizes a specific subtitle in the play to show how the idea of kindness ought to be seen. Shakespeare shows the ideas of kindness by clarifying how incredible leniency. Shakespeare shows this by expressing, ââ¬Å"It is an ascribe to God himself,â⬠(IV. I. 193) along these lines saying that God utilizes benevolence thus should everybody else.In the account Versus Upon the Burning of our House, the creator, Anne Bradstreet, discusses the tolerant God, and how he has spared her from obliteration. She expounds on how she has gotten too materialistic and how her tolerant God has helped her in her period of scarcity. This can be indicated when the writer composes, ââ¬Å"And to my God my heart cried/To fix me in my distress,â⬠(8-9) In Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God, Jonathan Edwards expounds on the Mercy of God too. His record contrasts from Bradstreetââ¬â¢s a bit, as he is discussing how God is the purpose behind everybody living.He says that on the off chance that it were not for a forgiving God, at that point nobody would be living. This can be bolstered by the creator expressing, ââ¬Å"It is only His minor delight that shields you from being this second gobbled up in everlasting destruction,â⬠(56) Even however these works have various varieties of the idea of kindness, the general topic is the intensity of leniency is ceaseless. Every one of the three of these works exhibit that benevolence can be utilized from multiple points of view and various sums. Despite the fact that, as expressed previously, the topic is generally the equivalent over all the works, the tone is very different.Each of these works have their own obvious tones. Shakespeare assumes the tone of appreciation. While perusing the entry, perusers watch Shakespeare acknowledging kindness and all its brilliance. Shakespeare composes, ââ¬Å"It droppeth as the delicate downpour from heaven,â⬠(IV. I. 185) giving the peruser the delineation that kindness is exceptionally ample and delicate. On many occasions all through the entry Shakespeare discusses the intensity of kindness and exactly how great it is. With re spect to Bradstreet and Edwards, they take on entirely unexpected tones. Bradstreetââ¬â¢s tone is appreciation of mercy.The creator runs over inside the section as being grateful for Gods leniency and how she would be lost without it. This can be demonstrating by the accompanying statement, ââ¬Å"I fortunate his beauty that gave and took,/That laid my merchandise now in the residue. â⬠(14-15) This is a prime case of the creator expressing gratitude toward God for showing kindness and helping her as opposed to rebuffing her. Both Shakespeare and Bradstreet talk about what can happen when kindness is available. Edwards then again discusses what will occur without kindness. Edwards portrays fierce and clear pictures of annihilation in his writing.All of which can occur without the benevolence of God. He discusses how you should fear the nonattendance of benevolence saying, ââ¬Å"Your mischievousness makes you in a manner of speaking substantial as lead, and to tend descendin g with incredible weight and weight towards damnation; and if God should release you, you would promptly sink and quickly slide and dive into the unlimited gulfâ⬠¦. â⬠(56) Over all, benevolence is supposed to be commended for its quality, and dreaded for its nonattendance. The creators utilize different methods of indicating their own point of view on the idea of mercy.The three authorsââ¬â¢ employments of artistic gadgets in their works help emphatically bolster their thoughts on the idea of benevolence. For example, Shakespeare utilizes a likeness that analyzes kindness as being superior to a crown for a lord. He composes, ââ¬Å"It turns into the throned ruler superior to his crown. â⬠This comparison backs up the possibility of kindness being incredible, and it very well may be the most remarkable in those with the most force. Bradstreet utilizes an all-inclusive analogy saying that the consuming of her home resembles the consuming of her sins.She expresses gra titude toward God for sparing her from her material things which she feels are a wrongdoing. Edwards utilizes various comparisons and similitudes showings Gods force and how everybody is destined without him. For example he composes, ââ¬Å"The God that holds you over the pit of heck, much a one holds a bug or some detestable creepy crawly over the fir, loathes you, and is awfully provoked,â⬠giving the peruser the understanding that God is fantastically more prominent than individuals. Every essayist utilizes diverse scholarly gadgets to fortify their perspectives on the idea of leniency, and each is utilized in an extremely key manner.The idea of benevolence can be deciphered by a wide range of individuals a wide range of ways. There is no set principles of benevolence, and it is up for conversation among individuals. Everybody has their own thoughts on how benevolence is and ought to be. Whoââ¬â¢s thought is correct? All things considered, there is no mistaken or right ap proach to show kindness. In the three works of writing talked about over, each writer has their own translation of the idea of benevolence. Each work has an exceptionally unmistakable method of demonstrating their point, and each has a similitudes and contrasts with different functions concerning how kindness ought to be seen.
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Socio Cultural Environment of Saudi Arabia
Populace According to the April 2010 Census, Saudi Arabiaââ¬â¢s populace was 27,136,977 as at that year. It is currently assessed that the populace could be near 27,500,000 at present. This populace contains around 18,707,576 Saudi nationals; the individuals who are not residents of the nation are around 8,429,401. The populace has a fast development with adolescents representing most of the populace (Lippman 6).Advertising We will compose a custom report test on Socio Cultural Environment of Saudi Arabia explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Education The instruction framework in Saudi Arabia is solely overseen by the Ministry of Education helped by the Ministry of Higher Education. The framework includes around 25,000 schools, 24 state funded colleges and around 8 private ones. Each Saudi resident is qualified with the expectation of complimentary training and other instructive comforts (Lippman 126). Language In Saudi Arabia, Arabic is viewed as the official la nguage and is utilized in the vast majority of the spots including schools and other social spots. English is taken as a mandatory second language in schools and it is utilized for the most part in organizations, lodgings and in schools where it is educated (Zuhur 246). Style Most of the Saudis dress in a conventional manner to safeguard their standard qualities. A few things, for example, mixed beverages are disallowed as they conflict with the strict lessons. Open displays are viewed as inadmissible undoubtedly (Zirinski 129). Religion Saudi Arabia is viewed as an Islamic religious domain wherein Islam is the main authority religion. Practically all Saudi residents are Muslims and the main special cases are visa holders. The other significant religions in the nation incorporate Christianity and Hinduism, which are fundamentally polished by non-Saudi residents (Zuhur 18). Innovation Technology in Saudi Arabia is overseen by Communications and Information Technology Commission. It m anages and has a firewall, which figures out what is contained on the sites that are open in the nation. At present, Saudi Arabia is one of the Asian nations that have recorded critical improvements in innovation (Zirinski 131). Political Discourse Political talk in Saudi Arabia controls faithful Muslims to agree to the specialists by demonstrating supreme dutifulness to their rulers. Saudi Arabiaââ¬â¢s political talk denies residents from condemning their pioneers out in the open. It is a criminal offense to be discovered making open reactions about a ruler (Kamrava 341).Advertising Looking for report on sociologies? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Social Organizations Saudiââ¬â¢s populace has consistently comprised of wanderers, residents and few townspeople. Connection model is viewed as unavoidable in the nation with a great deal significance given to the more distant family as a unit of social association (Kamrava 3 42). Qualities and Attitudes Arabs in Saudi Arabia accept that their pride and respect are everything and ought to be all around saved. They likewise accept that individuals ought to be faithful to their families and that someoneââ¬â¢s social class and family foundation decide their situations in the general public. Their driving demeanor is that everybody ought to put stock in God to have a strict connection (Zuhur 200). Looking at Hofstedeââ¬â¢s Dimensions of Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates Hofstedeââ¬â¢s measurements measure how low class people in associations, foundations, and society everywhere acknowledge and anticipate that assets should be circulated similarly to each individual from the general public. The measurements declare that the degree of balance in a general public is for the most part dictated by the regular residents instead of the pioneers. Saudi Arabia has a higher score of the Hofstedeââ¬â¢s measurements when contrasted with the United Arab E mirates. The high scores of Saudi Arabia show that the there is an enormous hole between the rich individuals and the poor ones. The low scores of United Emirates show that the locale has the same number of affluent individuals as the poor ones (Barnes 320). Works Cited Barnes, David. Activities Management: An International Perspective. London: Thomson Learning, 2008. Print. Kamrava, Mehran. The Nodern Middle East: A political History Since the First World War. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2010. Print. Lippman, Thomas. Saudi Arabia on the Edge: The Uncertain Future of an American Ally. Washington, DC: Potomac Books, 2012. Print.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on Socio Cultural Environment of Saudi Arabia explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Zirinski, Roni. Specially appointed Arabism: Advertising, Culture, and Technology in Saudi Arabia. New York, NY: Lang, 2005. Print. Zuhur, Sherifa. Saudi Arabia. Santa Clause Barbara, CA: ABC-CL IO, 2011. Print. This report on Socio Cultural Environment of Saudi Arabia was composed and put together by client Megan Walter to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it in like manner. You can give your paper here.
Essay Topics on Pride and Prejudice
Essay Topics on Pride and PrejudiceAn essay topic on Pride and Prejudice will not only present a positive view of a topic, but will provide some insight on the different viewpoints on an issue. Most students are aware that the majority of people agree with the idea that Pride and Prejudice is one of the best books ever written. It will present a positive aspect of the subject, while pointing out the reasons why the author of the book was able to draw the opinion that he did.In today's society, a typical person would love to have the opinions of other people that have gone through the same hardships as they have. The average person wants to know what it is like for other people who have been through similar circumstances to how the characters in the book go through. They want to know what it is like to be on the other side of it all, and they want to have the chance to be in the shoes of someone else.You should take the time to read the book cover to cover, and you should also look at the various movie posters of the characters in the book. Ask your teachers if they can point you in the direction of the scene in the book that best illustrates what Pride and Prejudice are all about. There are several scenes in the book that offer a great deal of information about the characters and their situation.The main character, Victor Hugo, is a very popular writer at the time of writing the book. He was born in England and came to America when he was young. He wrote a lot of stories during his stay in America and used his experiences to write his masterpiece.The topic on Pride and Prejudice will illustrate the point that every reader will be making while writing an essay topics on the topic. This is a very serious book, and the author of the book wanted to provide the readers with the proper education so that they would not be dissuaded from reading the book. The book portrays human nature and portrays a side of society that many people do not like to admit to themselves.A lthough the readers are presented with several characters, the focus of the story is really on the main character, D'Artagnan. He has an extreme case of jealousy that is caused by a relationship that he had with another man. It has caused him to lash out at others around him, and sometimes lose sight of what is right in front of him.Many people will experience similar emotions, and although most will try to hide it, others will also be attracted to it. Pride and Prejudice are very different from other novels out there, but it is not any less worthwhile. It should be a fun read that you will want to talk about with your friends.When someone reads the book, they will feel the love and admiration for the main character, because they will be able to relate to the characters and their problems. They will understand why D'Artagnan is able to resist everyone around him and avoid getting into his troubles. By completing this assignment you will be able to tell what Pride and Prejudice is al l about, and you will have the opportunity to share it with your classmates.
Friday, August 21, 2020
INFORMATION
Data ICT as a CareerThe ICT field is creating on a dailybasis and it's impossible to tell how thisscene will be in the following ten or soyears. Twenty years prior, ICT as acareer was not known particularly withcomputers. Fixed phones were notused limitlessly particularly in the developingworld; with the approach of mobiletelephones however, the supporter basehas expanded. Creating nations arenow being focused for their hugepotential.The fundamental favorable position if ICT as a profession isthat it is dynamic, it is foreverchanging. This makes newopportunities in this division; forinstance, new correspondence hardwareand programming is being made. Thiscreates new open doors in teaching;the educators consistently must be up todate.The necessities for one to join the ICTsector are fluctuated. With information inMicrosoft word, exceed expectations and access, youcan find a new line of work as an information passage clerk.Toget higher up the stepping stool, you wouldneed a college certifica te or amaster's qualification in the related field.Training of faculty in the ICT division isrelatively reasonable yet you will needto ensure that the quality ofeducation is up to the mark.ICT makes inspiration. at the point when Bill Gatesfounded Microsoft, he had a dream ofhaving each PC in homes andoffices running his Microsoft software.This has formed the manner in which we as a whole live andcommunicate in the present world.Entrepreneurship that is being createdby ICT is gigantic. Digital bistros arepopping up all over the place; individuals have tocheck their messages nearly on a dailybasis. Print media is being supplanted bythe web where day by day papers arebeing conveyed, news channels alsooffer broadband video gushing andhome made case throws are on theincrease. ICT is rewarding a direct result of the...
Bacteria Classification By Gram Staining Essay Research free essay sample
Microbes Classification By Gram Staining Essay, Research Paper Microbes Classification By Gram Staining THE AMERICAN UNIVERSITY IN CAIRO Science DEPARTMENT SCIENCE 453: Biology FOR ENGINEERS REPORT No.1 Introduced By: Karim A. Zaklama 92-1509 Sci. 453-01 24/2/96 Point: To demonstrate an example of research lab arranged bacteriums and classify it orchestrating to Christian? s gm positive and gram negative classes what's more by sing it under a powerful magnifying lens and oil submergences ; sort its structure and note a specific highlights. Presentation: Microbes was classified into two gatherings in 1884 by the Danish Bacteriologist Christian, gm positive and gram negative by a recoloring strategy where the capacity to maintain a strategic distance from de-hue of Crystal Violet arrangement by intoxicant would render the class of gm positive, and gram negative if the bacteriums is de-hued. This could be noted by the finishing up shading material of the bacteriums: a violet shading material where Gram positive and a pink shading material of the Safranin included pending the de-shading system. We will compose a custom exposition test on Microorganisms Classification By Gram Staining Essay Research or then again any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Materials: 1. Microscopic organisms Sample 2. Magnifying instrument Slide 3. Gram Staining Kit and Wash Bottles a. Gem Violet Solution b. Iodine Solution c. 95 % Ethyl Alcohol nutrient D. Safranin e. Refined Water 4. Bibulous Blotting Paper 5. Magnifying instrument 6. Oil Technique: A. Arrangement: 1. Microscopic organisms is developed on agar jam in a brooder at 25? C for 24 hours. 2. Get a magnifying instrument slide and with a toothpick, smear a slim layer of the bacteriums test onto the slide 3. Spread the smear with a globule Crystal Violet also, go forward representing 20 seconds 4. Wash off the staining with refined H2O ; channel and smear off the extra with boozy paper. 5. Use Gram? s Iodine on the criticism and leave to represent 1 moment. 6. Channel the additional I and use 95 % Ethyl intoxicant for 20 second duration or till the intoxicant runs unmistakably from the slide. 7. The criticism ought to flushed for a couple of moments with refined H2O to stop the activity of the intoxicant. 8. Channel and smirch off the extra with boozy 9. Acquaint Safranin with the criticism and leave representing 20 seconds. 10. Wash off the staining with refined H2O ; channel and smear off the extra with boozy paper. 11. Leave the slide to air prohibitionists. B. Assessment: 1. Put the slide under magnifying instrument on low fueled focal point. 2. Travel the slide using the arrangement until the example can be viewed as a fluff under the magnifying instrument. 3. F ocus the focal point to ensure that there is an example straight under the focal point. 4. Move to more powerful focal point, rehash measure 3. 5. Travel to more powerful focal point, rehash measure 3 6. Move magnifying instrument aside and include Oil submergence, leave for a couple seconds and reconsider the slide. Note Shape and shading material and some other perceptions. Results and Observations: It was evident by visual examination that the intoxicant was de-shading or a least mostly de-shading the bacterium. The example seemed a dull pink or shut to violet by the exposed oculus ; a magnifying lens was expected to ensure outcomes. Under the low controlled magnifying lens sunglassess of pink were noted. Under the medium force, the sunglassess were all the more clear however no structure could be made out. Under the powerful magnifying instrument bunchs of pink bar ( B ) molded bacteriums cells could be watched. Under Oil Immersion and powerful focal point the cells could seen progressively isolated out what's more, in this way a more clear indicant of the pink shading material, bacilli structure and spores could be made out in the single cells. Choice: The Shape was noted as Bacilli ( Rod-like ) formed cells ; a gm variable structure, particular in either Gram Negative or Gram positive bacteriums. The finishing up shading material of the cells were recolored pink by the Safranin screening the de-tinge of the precious stone violet turn trip the bacterium is of the gm negative class. Under oil submergence the cells turned out to be all the more slender and under the high fueled focal point of the magnifying lens spores could be seen, as little air pockets, in the cells. This reveals to us that the bacterium was in its terminal area. The nearness of spores in the bacterium at its terminal region Tells us that the bacteriums could be an old human progress. Old bacterium civic establishments which are gm positive keep an eye on de-shading, yet more simple than gram negative bacteriums. The speed of de-hue was non examined actually plainly in this manner no more remote choice could be reached, yet it is conceivable that this an old human advancement of Bacilli molded Gram Positive bacterium. Proposal: It is suggested that a similar example be tried again for de- shading ; focusing on de-tinge speed. In the event that the de-hue is quick so the example is quite gram negative, slow de-hue would state us it is gm positive. For future examples it would be prescribed to keep up the bacterium test for this particular preliminary for just 16 hours each piece prescribed to stay away from the nearness of old human advancements which are bizarre to this preliminary.
Saturday, June 27, 2020
Health Information Term Paper - 275 Words
Health Information (Term Paper Sample) Content: HEALTH INFORMATIONFrom the cross study of the figure 4-4 , 4-5, 4-6 and 4-7 one can tell that they are not compliant as shown below. I determine if they are compliant by comparing them to the list while identify any deficiencies: 1 All the figures contains the purpose of discloser of the information.(for personal details) a part from figure 4-4. The statement on purpose of the disclosed information is unavailable. 2 The information to be disclosed is available that is: (Time period; November 5,2010 to present and the ER record, path report, x-ray, discharge summary) is available from every figure a part figure 4-7 where it contradicts. 3 To the last statement in the figure before the signatory part the owner request that once the information is ready, he/she gets a call to take to Dr Jones appears only in figure 4-4 and missed out in all the other figures(4-5,4-6,4-7) 4 At the signatory part the signature of the patient appears correctly in figure 4-5 but the date m isses while in others both date and signature of the patient appears correctly.From the study the deficiencies and compliance are almost the same in all figures (4-4,4-5,4-6,4-7) Others like Patient name, Date of birth, soci... Health Information Term Paper - 275 Words Health Information (Term Paper Sample) Content: HEALTH INFORMATIONFrom the cross study of the figure 4-4 , 4-5, 4-6 and 4-7 one can tell that they are not compliant as shown below. I determine if they are compliant by comparing them to the list while identify any deficiencies: 1 All the figures contains the purpose of discloser of the information.(for personal details) a part from figure 4-4. The statement on purpose of the disclosed information is unavailable. 2 The information to be disclosed is available that is: (Time period; November 5,2010 to present and the ER record, path report, x-ray, discharge summary) is available from every figure a part figure 4-7 where it contradicts. 3 To the last statement in the figure before the signatory part the owner request that once the information is ready, he/she gets a call to take to Dr Jones appears only in figure 4-4 and missed out in all the other figures(4-5,4-6,4-7) 4 At the signatory part the signature of the patient appears correctly in figure 4-5 but the date m isses while in others both date and signature of the patient appears correctly.From the study the deficiencies and compliance are almost the same in all figures (4-4,4-5,4-6,4-7) Others like Patient name, Date of birth, soci...
Tuesday, May 26, 2020
Policy Analysis Paper Minimum Wage - 2750 Words
Policy Analysis Paper: Minimum Wage (Research Paper Sample) Content: SHORTCOMINGS OF THE MINIMUM WAGE POLICYSubmitted by NameCourseInstructorInstitutionDate Introduction In light of the social contract theory, it is the responsibility of the state to secure the welfare of citizens in return for the citizens obedience to state authority. The minimum wage policy and welfare programs are some of the ways through which the state promotes the wellbeing of citizens. In the US, the minimum wage policy was implemented to protect disadvantaged citizens by establishing a mechanism for fair compensation in the labor market. Since its implementation in 1938, however, the policy has not fully achieved its goal of uplifting low-income families from poverty. This is because the implementation strategy exposes workers to additional taxes while denying them access to vital federal welfare benefits. This analysis paper argues that for the minimum wage policy to achieve its goal, it should protect low-income workers from paying more taxes on additional i ncome as well as allow them to retain their welfare even after earning a salary increase. Problem Definition and Framework The minimum wage was introduced to help low-income working class families make ends meet. It was expected that by increasing the least amount that workers at the lowest level earned, the government will lift many families from poverty without incurring federal budget expenditure. The argument in favor of a higher minimum wage is centered on the need to enable more people earn more income and move above the poverty line. It was also thought that increasing the minimum wage will improve productivity since well-paid workers can sustain themselves better. Despite these noble intentions on the part of the government, however, the minimum wage has not been very effective in helping the people it was intended to. In contrast, it ended up holding back the very people it was intended to help by squeezing them out of work, disqualifying them from federal benefits, and increasing their tax burden. Increasing the minimum wage pushed unskilled workers out of the job market because on the one hand employers sought to recruit more productive workers, and on the other hand, it encouraged skilled and affluent workers to apply for jobs that were previously filled by unskilled labor. Tax increments results from the governments taxation system that requires workers to pay more tax for every additional dollar earned. At the same time, increasing the minimum wage pushed some workers above the earning threshold that qualifies for federal welfare programs. The upside of the situation is that the loss of welfare programs far outweighs the benefits of higher minimum wages because any income increase corresponds with increasing loss of federal assistance and tax credits. Thus, the wage increase is offset by the loss of government benefits, increased tax, and to some, loss of employment to skilled labor. The development of this situation is as a result of governm ent and market. It is a government failure because the federal tax and welfare systems compel workers to pay more tax and give up multiple welfare benefits as their wages increase. For instance, workers pay 15 percent payroll tax for every extra dollar earned, in addition to giving up 30 percent of housing vouchers, 21 percent of Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) and 24 percent of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits. The end result is that workers do not make any meaningful gain from an increase to their minimum wages. It is also a market failure because of the competitive nature of the capitalist mode of production dominant in democratic societies like the US. Market competition necessitates the efficient use of resources. Accordingly, employers seek to use human resources efficiently by recruiting productive workers. When the government raises the minimum wages, employers will be forced to replace unskilled workers with skilled to improve productivity and com pensate for the additional cost of paying higher wages. This issue is important to consider as an economic problem because it affects societys most economically marginalized group, and reflects the failure of government policies to improve citizens economic and social welfare. Thus, the minimum wage is not just a matter of increasing the purchasing power of those at the bottom; it is also about what constitutes a fair and just society.History of the Minimum Wage Policy The minimum wage policy was instituted by Congress in 1938 under the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA). FLSA established the national minimum wage that acted as a floor below wages with the aim of reducing poverty and ensuring that economic prosperity was shared equitably across the entire labor force. The original minimum wage was pegged at 25 cents per hour. When the last increase of the federal minimum wage was enforced in 2007, it gradually raised the hourly compensation of the lowest paid worker from 5.15 dollar s to 7.25 dollars in 2009. Nineteen states and the District of Columbia, however have a minimum wage that is higher than the federal rates. Washington State enjoys the highest minimum hourly wage at 9.19 dollars. Currently, the national average minimum rate in the U.S. is 7.57 dollars hourly. In the last six and half decades since the minimum wage policy was established in 1938, minimum wage rates have varied considerably in relation to inflation adjustments aimed at maintaining workers purchasing power. From a lowly 3.09 dollars in 1948 to an all time high of 8.67 dollars in 1968, it slumped to an average of 6.60 dollars in 2013. However, while the current minimum wage is over a dollar an hour less than its historical highest rate, it affords low-income workers more purchasing power than at any time historically. Usually, Congress increases the minimum wage only during periods of low unemployment and flourishing economic growth rates. Thus, when the unemployment rate was at 5.4 p ercent in 1990, Congress raised the minimum wage, and did so in 1996 when the unemployment rate was 5.1 percent. Congress took a similar measure again in May 2007, when the national unemployment rate was 4.4 percent. Considering that an increase in minimum wage is a cost of production incurred by employers rather than a federal expense, it appears that the government takes advantage of increasing labour demand to compel employers offer better compensation terms to low-earning workers. This approach is in tandem with the goal of the minimum wage policy to reduce economic inequalities by passing the benefits of economic growth to disadvantaged workers.Problem with Current Implementation of the Minimum Wage PolicyAs currently implemented, however, the policy is effective for improving the financial prospects of low-income worker, whom it was intended to boost. It is the central premise of economics that the demand curve slopes downwards, that is to say, people buy less as the cost o f goods and services go up. This is because high prices reduce peoples purchasing power, thereby limiting consumer spending. For instance, people would drive less if the price of petrol went up, and consume less burgers if animal products became expensive. The same principles and economic calculations apply to employers in the labor market. Labor is a service they pay for. Increasing the minimum wage makes this service expensive, which translates to increased cost of production. To cut costs and maintain their profit margins, employers would want to hire the minimum number of workers possible to run their businesses when the minimum wages go up. Alternatively, they will be unwilling to pay more wages to unskilled and therefore, unproductive labor if they can get skilled and more productive labor at the same cost. Consequently, employers would go for skilled and experienced workers and pay them the new higher minimum wages rather than stick with unskilled workers. This reaction to higher minimum wages is informed by the fact that businessmen cannot willingly incur increased employee compensation costs without corresponding improvements in productivity. Hence, they choose to hire few workers, lay workers off, or replace unskilled employees with skilled workers. This situation leads to loss of employment to the unskilled workers, the very working class that the minimum wage policy is designed to help get out of poverty. Coupled with loss of welfare program benefits and increased tax burdens, the end result of higher minimum wages is that it fails to achieve its goal of lifting unskilled and low-income workers from poverty. This issue needs to be re-examined and addressed if the minimum wage policy is to be of any meaningful benefit to low-income workers. The minimum wage directly affects a relatively small number of American workers. In 2011, 3.7 million workers, just 2.9 percent of the entire US workforce, were earning 7.25 dollars an hour. At the same time, there are two distinct groups of low-income workers within the minimum wage bracket: school-going young workers, often pulling part-time jobs, and older workers. The majority of these workers, over half, are below 24 years old. The implication of this situation is that any raise of minimum wages does not benefit the real target, workers supporting families, but youngsters who are themselves dependants. It was never the goal of the minimum wage policy to help young workers earn more pocket money, but to help low-income workers to make ends meet. It is here that the minimum wage policys implementation strategy fails to achieve its goal by largely benefiting workers who have no family responsibilities. The blanket approach of applying the minimum wage to any worker earning below a certain mark ignore the fact that majority of the beneficiaries are dependants, such as ...
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